Dr. Rahul Chauhan
Specialist in shoulder, knee, spine endoscopy and ultrasound guided orthopedic procedures.
Knee Pain
Knee pain is one of the most common joint complaints across all age groups. It can start suddenly after an injury or develop gradually over time due to wear and tear. The pain may be felt in the front, back or sides of the knee and may be accompanied by swelling, stiffness, weakness or difficulty walking.
Knee pain shouldn’t be ignored. Identifying the cause early makes treatment easier and prevents long-term joint damage.
Common Causes of Knee Pain
Knee pain can happen for many reasons. Some of the most frequent causes include:
1. Ligament injuries
Tears of the ACL, PCL, MCL or LCL can cause sudden pain, swelling and instability of the knee. These usually occur during sports or accidents.
2. Meniscus tear
Damage to the shock-absorbing cartilage in the knee can cause pain while turning, squatting or climbing stairs. Locking or clicking of the knee is common.
3. Osteoarthritis
Progressive wear and thinning of cartilage causes pain, stiffness and swelling, especially in middle-aged and older adults.
4. Patellofemoral pain
Pain around or behind the kneecap, commonly caused by muscle imbalance, overuse or poor alignment. Often seen in runners and gym-goers.
5. Tendinitis
Inflammation of the quadriceps or patellar tendon from repetitive stress. Pain increases during jumping or running.
6. Bursitis
Swelling of the fluid-filled sacs (bursae) around the knee due to trauma or prolonged kneeling.
7. Post-traumatic causes
Injuries from falls, road traffic accidents, or sudden twists can also lead to persistent knee discomfort if untreated.
Symptoms to Watch Out For
- Pain during walking, climbing stairs or squatting
- Stiffness after sitting or resting
- Swelling or warmth around the knee
- Clicking or locking sensation
- Feeling of the knee “giving way”
- Reduced ability to bend or straighten fully
If knee pain interrupts daily work, sleep, exercise or sports, medical evaluation is important.
Diagnosis
A doctor may use the following to determine the cause of knee pain:
- Detailed history and physical examination
- X-ray for bone and joint changes
- MRI to evaluate ligaments, meniscus and cartilage
- Blood tests where infection or inflammatory arthritis is suspected
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of pain.
Non-surgical management
- Rest and activity modification
- Ice or heat therapy
- Anti-inflammatory medications (only on medical advice)
- Knee brace or taping for support
- Physiotherapy to strengthen muscles and correct movement patterns
- Weight management to reduce joint load
Injection therapies (in selected cases)
These aim to reduce inflammation and improve joint lubrication.
Surgical options
If pain persists despite conservative treatment or if major structural damage exists, surgery may be recommended. Common procedures include:
- Arthroscopy for ligament or meniscus repairs
- Osteotomy to correct alignment
- Partial or Total Knee Replacement in advanced arthritis
Exercises That Help
Safe, low-impact exercises can strengthen the muscles that support the knee:
- Straight leg raises
- Quadriceps strengthening
- Hamstring and calf stretches
- Glute strengthening
- Cycling
- Swimming and water exercises
Avoid high-impact activities (jumping, running on hard surfaces) during painful phases.
When to See a Us
Consult us if:
- Pain lasts more than a few weeks
- The knee swells repeatedly
- Instability or locking occurs
- Walking becomes difficult
- Pain began after an injury
Prompt treatment prevents long-term joint damage and helps maintain mobility.
